The Ultimate Guide to Storing LiFePO4 Lithium Batteries in Australia
09/09/2025
From powering a caravan on the Big Lap to running a boat or an off-grid setup, LiFePO4 lithium ion batteries are the gold standard. But to get the most out of your investment, it's vital to know how to store them correctly during the off-season or between trips.
This guide provides everything you need to know to store your LiFePO4 batteries safely, ensuring they remain in peak condition and are ready for your next adventure.
Why Correct Battery Storage Matters
Even if a battery remains disconnected from external devices, internal chemical reactions can still occur. LiFePO4 batteries require fewer safety precautions than traditional lead-acid batteries and other types of lithium-ion batteries. LFP batteries use stable iron compounds and do not generate hazardous gases or explode. Despite this, LFP batteries represent a significant investment. The appropriate storage of LiFePO4 batteries ensures that your investment does not go to waste.
Many batteries possess a built-in protection mechanism—the Battery Management System (BMS)—offering a safe storage option. However, while a BMS provides essential protection, proper storage conditions are still necessary to maintain battery health and longevity. Factors such as temperature, state of charge (SOC), and humidity can significantly impact battery performance over time.
How to Store LiFePO4 Batteries?
The primary factor that affects the storage of LiFePO4 batteries is the intended storage duration. Here are the key techniques for storing LiFePO4 batteries and specific recommendations for storage time.
1. Key Techniques for Storing Lithium Batteries
Switch Off: Nearly all manufacturers recommend storing lithium batteries after switching them off. For caravans and RVs, using only the main off switch on the electrical system often does not fully disconnect the battery pack. Some components, like sensors, can remain active. The correct way to disconnect the battery is to physically detach the positive [+] and negative [-] wires from the battery terminals.
No Trickle Charge Needed: Unlike other battery types, lithium batteries do not require a trickle charge voltage during storage. LiFePO4 batteries have a very low self-discharge rate of 1-3% per month, so they retain most of their charge while stored.
Avoid Heat Sources: It is crucial to store lithium batteries away from direct heat, radiators, or other heat sources. They contain chemicals that can degrade when exposed to high temperatures for extended periods.
Prevent Short Circuits: When storing batteries, keep them away from conductive objects such as metal clips or tools that could accidentally contact both battery terminals and cause a short circuit.
Inspect Before Use: If a battery behaves abnormally after being removed from storage, it should not be used. Strange behaviour includes any unusual odour, liquid leakage, physical deformation, or other anomalies.
Avoid Strong Magnetic Fields: Do not place LiFePO4 batteries in strong magnetic fields while storing them, as these fields can disrupt or damage the Battery Management System (BMS).
2. Short-term Storage (Under 3 Months)
Ensure the battery is stored in a dry place, free from leaks or corrosive gases. Excessive humidity can lead to corrosion of battery terminals. It is advisable to store batteries in an environment with humidity levels below 65%. If necessary, silica gel packs or a dehumidifier can help maintain an optimal storage atmosphere.
When you switch off and store LiFePO4 batteries, it is highly recommended to charge them to at least 50% of their maximum charge capacity using a lithium charger. This ensures optimal health when the battery is reconnected.
3. Long-term Storage (Over 3 Months)
Long-term storage can slightly increase the self-discharge rate, especially if the battery is stored outside the recommended temperature range. To address this, place LiFePO4 batteries in a climate-controlled location and charge them to 50% SOC before disconnection. The ideal temperature range for storage is 10°C to 35°C (50°F to 95°F).
When the storage time exceeds three months, it's best to check and recharge the battery every three months to keep it healthy and in good operating condition.
4. Ideal Storage Temperature for LiFePO4 Batteries
LiFePO4 lithium batteries can be stored in a broad range from -10°C to 50°C (14°F to 122°F). However, the ideal storage temperature is around 25°C (approx. 77°F).
A study on battery calendar life found that batteries stored at 25°C exhibit the highest capacity retention, while those stored at 55°C show the lowest. Capacity decays most rapidly at 55°C. So, if possible, always store your battery around 25°C.
5. Storing LiFePO4 Batteries in Cold Weather
While most of Australia enjoys a mild climate, areas in Tasmania, Victoria, or the high country can experience freezing temperatures. Long-term storage in extreme cold (below -10°C / 14°F) can cause the electrolyte to thicken, reducing efficiency.
Insulate If Needed: If storing in a cold shed is unavoidable, use insulated battery boxes or foam padding. For caravans stored in winter, consider placing the battery in a more temperature-stable indoor location.
Avoid Cold Surfaces: Do not store batteries directly on cold concrete or metal surfaces. Place the battery on a wooden pallet, rubber mat, or insulated platform to reduce heat transfer.
Periodic Checks: Check the battery every 3-6 months and recharge it to 50% SOC if necessary to prevent deep discharge.
6. Storing LiFePO4 Batteries in Hot Weather (Summer)
With Australia's powerful sun, managing heat is the top priority. The key point is to avoid direct sunlight and heat sources, as prolonged exposure to high temperatures rapidly accelerates cell degradation. Storing LiFePO4 batteries in extreme heat can cause internal overheating.
Use Protection: It is highly recommended to use a battery box to provide proper protection from radiant heat.
Ensure Ventilation: If your battery is in a caravan or shed that gets hot, install it in a well-ventilated area to help dissipate heat. Avoid placing it near heat-generating appliances or engine bays.
Use Controlled Environments: For outdoor solar setups, ensure battery enclosures are made with reflective or heat-resistant materials. Even though the BMS may shut down to prevent damage in extreme heat, consistent exposure will still degrade battery capacity over time.
FAQs about Storing LiFePO4 Batteries
Q: Can I leave a LiFePO4 battery connected to a device while it's in storage?
A: It is strongly recommended to disconnect the battery from any devices before storing it for an extended period. Leaving it connected could result in a slow discharge, especially from standby power draw. It's best to disconnect the battery to preserve its charge.
Q: How often should I check the stored LiFePO4 battery?
A: It's good practice to check the stored battery every 3 months to monitor its state of charge. If the voltage drops significantly, it may require a recharge to 50% SOC to maintain its performance.
Q: Do I need to charge the LiFePO4 battery before using it after storage?
A: If the battery has been stored for an extended period, it's advisable to fully charge it before using it again. This ensures the battery is at its optimal capacity and performance level.
Q: Are there any safety precautions I should take when storing a LiFePO4 battery?
A: Yes. Avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures, moisture, or direct sunlight. It's also crucial to keep the battery away from flammable materials and out of reach of children. If you notice any signs of physical damage or swelling, contact the manufacturer for guidance.
Conclusion
Due to its low self-discharge rate and other advantages, a LiFePO4 battery is easier to store than any other lithium-ion or sealed lead-acid battery. However, understanding how to store it correctly is crucial to maintaining its health. Although the battery's chemistry is resilient, its physical components are still susceptible to environmental factors.
Following the information above is sufficient for storing most LiFePO4 batteries. Finally, starting with high-quality batteries can make the entire ownership and storage process easier.
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